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Gas fire extinguishing: Toxic. Non-toxic reaction concentration, an important indicator that must be mastered!

Time of issue:

Nov 04,2025

NOAEL concentration: The maximum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent at which no physiological reaction caused by the toxicity of the fire extinguishing agent can be observed.

LOAEL concentration: The minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent at which physiological reactions can be observed due to the toxicity of the fire extinguishing agent.

1. In areas where people work and are protected, the fire extinguishing design concentration or actual usage concentration should not exceed the LOAEL concentration.

When we control the design concentration of gas fire extinguishing agents to be lower than the LOAEL concentration, even if there is a false discharge, it is relatively safe for the human body. For instance, the fire extinguishing design concentration of heptafluoropropane in computer rooms is preferably 8%, while the LOAEL concentration of heptafluoropropane is 10.5%. Similarly, the designed concentration of IG541 in places such as computer rooms is also lower than the LOAEL concentration.

2. Disposal Measures for Protected areas with concentrations greater than the Observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) :

In practical applications, especially in combined distribution systems, it is difficult to control the actual usage concentration in each protected area well. It is possible that the actual usage concentration in some protected areas exceeds the observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) concentration. Such protected areas should meet the following conditions:

①. It cannot be used as a protective area for people working.

②. A conversion device for manual and automatic control should be provided.

The manual to automatic conversion device should be installed at a convenient location outside the evacuation exit of the protected area, with the installation height being 1.5 meters above the ground from the center point. When personnel enter the protected area, the fire extinguishing system should be able to be switched to manual control mode. When personnel leave, it should be able to be restored to the automatic control mode. Manual and automatic control status display devices should be installed both inside and outside the protected area.

3. Carbon dioxide total flooding fire extinguishing systems cannot be applied in places where people frequently stay.

Finally, we should pay special attention to the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. When the concentration of carbon dioxide exceeds 10%, it will cause people to lose consciousness. The minimum designed concentration of carbon dioxide for fire extinguishing is above 34%. Therefore, the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system cannot be applied in areas where people are present. Especially in places like basements, carbon dioxide is heavier than air, which will increase the difficulty of ventilation and air exchange after its release.

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